A variety of environmental substances, pollutants, and products constantly expose our skin, the largest organ in the human body. It’s no surprise that skin disorders are frequent among people of all ages.
Inflammation typically causes skin diseases like psoriasis and eczema, leaving many of us with a variety of lumps and discolorations over time. However, not every bump on your skin is a cause for concern or requires quick attention. Milia, for example, may be more frequent than you realize.
You may have noticed these tiny white bumps on your face, especially on the nose, chin, and cheeks. You might be tempted to pop them like pimples, but you should know what they are and why better leave them alone.
What exactly is Milia?
Milia, also known as milium cysts, are small, firm white bumps found on the skin’s surface. Trapped keratin, a protein present in skin, hair, and nails, causes these bumps.
While milia are most frequent in infants up to 50% of newborns get them as part of their skin’s learning process of exfoliation adults can also develop this harmless skin disease if the ducts beneath the skin become clogged due to injuries, burns, or certain skincare products.
Interestingly, many people may have had milia as babies without realizing it, as the disorder is most frequent at that age. These small bumps can appear at any age and on any body part, especially the face.
Different Types of Milia
Although milia may appear identical, it can take on various unique forms depending on the individual and the underlying cause. Knowing these variations can assist in deciding whether therapy is necessary or if the illness should heal naturally.
Neonatal Milia
Newborn babies typically find this form on their face, scalp, or upper torso. According to Seattle Children’s Hospital, approximately 40% of children get milia within a few weeks after birth; however, the good news is that it usually heals on its own within a few weeks.
Juvenile Milia
Juvenile milia are less common, but more problematic because they are frequently associated with rare genetic conditions such as Nevoid Basal Cell Carcinoma Syndrome (NBCCS) and Gardner’s syndrome.
Several bumps can arise early in childhood and may necessitate additional research due to their link with several genetic illnesses.
Milia en Plaque
This form is common in middle-aged women, but it can affect persons of any age or gender. It is frequently associated with autoimmune or genetic disorders, such as discoid lupus or lichen planus.
Milia en plaque develops on the eyelids, ears, and jawline, necessitating a more cautious approach to therapy, particularly if underlying problems exist.
Primary Milia
Primary milia, which appears in older children and adults, can be detected on the eyelids, forehead, or genital area. These cysts can linger for several weeks or months before disappearing on their own.
Traumatic Milia
This type of milia occurs in response to skin trauma, such as burns, rashes, or exposure to sunlight.
The cysts can become irritated, often appearing red at the edges with a white center. Traumatic milia can be painful, but they are usually harmless and disappear without medical treatment.
How is Milia Diagnosed?
If you’ve spotted little white spots on your skin and suspect milia, see a dermatologist for a proper diagnosis. Fortunately, you can easily identify milia visually, and most cases do not require intrusive testing.
Dermatologists can usually detect milia with a simple skin inspection, and only in rare cases do they need to do a skin biopsy to rule out other disorders.
For those who are unsure whether they have milia or another skin problem, seeking a professional opinion can provide clarity and guide potential next steps in controlling or treating the illness.